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Organic brain syndrome (OBS), also known as organic brain disease (OBD) Organic mental disorders organic brain disorder, is an older and nearly obsolete general term from psychiatry, referring to many physical disorders that cause impaired mental function.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Organic brain syndrome )〕 It does not include psychiatric disorders. Originally, the term was created to distinguish physical (termed "organic") causes of mental impairment from psychiatric (termed "functional") disorders. ''Acute'' organic brain syndrome is (by definition) a recently appearing state of mental impairment, as a result of intoxication, drug overdose, infection, pain, and many other physical problems affecting mental status. In medical contexts, "acute" means "of recent onset". As is the case with most acute disease problems, acute organic brain syndrome is often temporary–however this is not guaranteed (a recent-onset problem may continue to be chronic or long term). A more specific medical term for the ''acute'' subset of organic brain syndromes is delirium. ''Chronic'' organic brain syndrome is long-term. For example, some forms of chronic drug or alcohol dependence can cause organic brain syndrome due to their long-lasting or permanent toxic effects on brain function. Other common causes of chronic organic brain syndrome sometimes listed are the various types of dementia, which result from permanent brain damage due to strokes, Alzheimer's disease, or other damaging causes which are not reversible. Though OBS was once a common diagnosis in the elderly, until the understanding of the various types of dementias it is related to a disease process and is not an inevitable part of aging. In some of the older literature, there was an attempt to separate organic brain syndrome from dementia, but this was related to an older world view in which dementia was thought to be a part of normal aging, and thus did not represent a special disease process. The later identification of various dementias as clear pathologies is an example of the types of pathological problems discovered to be associated with mental states, and is one of the areas which led to abandonment of all further attempts to clearly define and use OBS as a term. ==Associated conditions== Disorders that cause injury or damage to the brain and contribute to OBS include, but are not limited to: *Alcoholism *Alzheimer's Disease *Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder〔http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2008/en#/F07.8〕 *Autism〔 *Concussion *Encephalitis *Epilepsy *Fetal alcohol syndrome *Hypoxia *Parkinson's disease〔 *Intoxication/overdose caused by drug abuse including alcoholism *Sedative hypnotic dependence and drug abuse〔 *Intracranial hemorrhage/trauma *Korsakoff Syndrome *Mastocytosis *Meningitis *Psychoorganic syndrome *Stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) *Withdrawal from drugs, especially sedative hypnotics, e.g. alcohol or benzodiazepines Other conditions that may be related to organic brain syndrome include: clinical depression, neuroses, and psychoses, which may occur simultaneously with the OBS. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Organic brain syndrome」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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